The HIV incidence rate among people, ages 15-49, is 0.1%. Intravenous drug use is accountable for 67.5% of the HIV cases, with sexual transmission accounting for 24.4%. To combat the spread of HIV/AIDS, Kazakhstan is looking to reenforce political commitment to HIV/AIDS, provide access to ARV therapy for patients, create prevention programmes, improve the epidemiological tracking system, improve corporation with non-governmental organisations, and raise more awareness among the youth. Tuberculosis is still a serious problem for public health in Kazakhstan. To reduce the prevalence of tuberculosis, the government is making efforts to create a standard for the treatment of tuberculosis, raise awareness, and strengthen tuberculosis control programmes within the general healthcare system.